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Acetylene temperature. 3 to 1 for propane. Oct 17, 2014 · Densities and molecular weights of common gases like acetylene, air, methane, nitrogen, oxygen and others. He combined both pure oxygen (99. On the other hand, an air-acetylene system utilizes only a single acetylene tank and draws oxygen from the surrounding atmosphere. Approximately 20% of acetylene is supplied by the industrial gases industry for oxyacetylene gas welding and cutting due to the high temperature of the flame. , and acetylene, all of which are high temperature fast reactions. are different between the acetylene-air and acetylene-N2-diluted air mixtures. Acetylene is unstable in its purest form. It is likely that a further improvement of the kinetic mechanism cannot be achieved before the acetylene data are Nov 7, 2006 · Propane has a greater stoichiometric oxygen requirement than acetylene; for the maximum flame temperature in oxygen, the ratio of the volume of oxygen to fuel gas are 1. NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. It is considered to be the simplest of all alkynes as it consists of two hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms. The physical properties of liquid and solid acetylene. Chem. Acetylene cylinders do not contain oxygen and may cause asphyxiation if released in a confined area. Acetylene is odorless but commercial products normally have a marked odor. This article clarifies the real meaning of oxy acetylene temperature, highlights why it matters for welders and fabricators, and explains how acetylene behaves both with and without oxygen. [all data] Decomposition of Acetylene At ordinary temperature acetylene undergoes very slow spontaneous decomposition. This high temperature makes acetylene a commonly used fuel in oxy-acetylene welding and cutting processes. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Compared to other gases, acetylene burns the hottest flame when combined with oxygen. Acetylene burns in air with an intensely hot, luminous, and smoky flame. Acetylene is the primary fuel for oxy–fuel welding and is the fuel of choice for repair work and general cutting and welding. High temperature. Oct 17, 2014 · Acetylene - Thermophysical Properties Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Acetylene. Many torch options. Temperature is a factor when handling acetylene that must be consistently monitored due to its explosivity. Acetylene torch tips produce a hotter flame compared to propane, making them more suitable for tasks that require high heat, such as cutting thick metals. It is particularly useful for welding different metals underwater. 5 percent to 82 percent in air and an ignition temperature as low as 581° F. The liquid propane is turned into Acetylene Acetylene IUPAC name Ethyne Identifiers CAS number 74-86-2 SMILES C#C Properties Molecular formula C2H2 Molar mass 26. This chart outlines the maximum temperatures at which common fuel gasses burn along with the melting points of some of the most common metals used in jewelry and metalsmithing. Despite propane being less expensive than acetylene, this is counteracted by the higher oxygen consumption. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Acetylene | C2H2 | CID 6326 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. 73 10° C 1. So, there is far more oxygen being consumed when using propane than acetylene. Rapid decomposition sets in at 780° C. A comparison chart of fuel gasses used in oxy-fuel cutting including Chemtane 2, Acetylene, Propylene, MAPP, Propane and Natural Gas. , 1950, 46, 901. Jun 14, 2022 · By varying the amount of oxygen and fuel in the torch, different types of oxy acetylene welding flames can be obtained, as desired. The experimental conditions covered highly nonuniform temperature distributions with peaks from 730' to 1,330°C. Propane, another common fuel, burns at a temperature of 3,622 degrees Fahrenheit. But not to the extent where you can weld steel together. Low molecular weight alkynes have strong odors. Oxygen- and Air-Acetylene Systems An oxygen-acetylene system requires both a compressed acetylene gas cylinder and a compressed high-purity oxygen cylinder. This comprehensive guide provides essential tips for working with acetylene, helping you Forge Forward safely in your projects while minimizing risks. Combustion of acetylene with oxygen produces a flame of over 3,600 K (3,330 °C; 6,020 °F), releasing 11. believed that the pyrolysis of acetylene follows different reaction mechanisms of free radical pathways under all temperature conditions. Jan 6, 2021 · Here is a handy adiabatic flame temperature chart for common fuels in oxygen and air at constant pressure (the most common situation). It finds widespread use as a fuel in oxy-acetylene welding and cutting due to its incredibly hot flame, and as a chemical building block for various organic chemicals and plastics. , a total pressure of 1 otmt. When exposed to excess temperature, pressure, or mechanical shock, pure or less than pure acetylene gas can undergo a violent, explosive decomposition reaction. 5%) and acetylene in proper proportions to yield a flame of about 3,480 degrees Celsius. MAPP 2900°F Clean burning. It is flammable and can be an asphyxiant. MAPP is colorless in both liquid and gas form. This triple bond provides acetylene with a high energy content, resulting in a hotter flame compared to other fuel gases. Mostly used for oxy-fuel cutting and brazing applications, acetylene has a high heat release in the primary flame and moderate heat in the secondary flame. Phys. Oxyacetylene the only gas mixture that will burn hot enough to cut steel. Feb 18, 2025 · Acetylene is primarily used for welding, metal fabrication, and chemical manufacturing, though it also has various specialized applications. Without oxygen, acetylene combustion can be sooty / black-fumes, due to incomplete combustion. Gas Comparison Chart This is an interesting table which shows some characteristics of different gas flames as they come out of a torch. These gases are mixed to produce an intense flame temperature. Acetylene is produced industrially through various methods, including chemical processes such as the cracking of hydrocarbons or the reaction of calcium carbide with water. Oct 19, 2018 · Acetylene has been the cutting fuel of choice for years among welders. [all data] Acetylene Acetylene (C 2 H 2) Acetylene is a colorless and tasteless gas with a garlic-like odor. Acetylene forms a sensitive acetylide when passed into an aqueous solution of mercuric nitrate [Mellor 4:933. Acetylene is widely used in various industries and applications. This limitation made these torches suited more for low-temperature soldering. It is sometimes Feb 23, 2017 · Under this pressure and at a temperature of 15° C, the container contains one hundred times its own volume of acetylene. Lower flame tempe Acetylene Cylinders – These cylinders have lower amounts of pressure in them, but can be quite dangerous because acetylene is a fuel and can easily ignite. Acetylene combustion consumes 25% more oxygen (hence the use of an oxygen tank. The igni tion temperatures of acetylene and of acety lene-air and acetylene-oxygen mixtures vary according to composition, initial pressure, initial temperature, and water vapor con tent. Acetylene, the most common fuel used in cutting torches, burns at a temperature of 3,590 degrees Fahrenheit. Acetylene is a colourless gas widely used in welding processes. On the other hand, acetylene flame produces a temperature of 3100 degrees Celcius or 5720 degrees Fahrenheit. The heat and temperature produced by an acetylene flame depend upon the amount of oxygen used to burn it. But as the cost of acetylene goes up, you can check any welding forum and you will find heated debaters questioning whether acetylene is truly better than the many alternatives out there, such as propane, for welding purposes. When mixed, oxygen acts as an oxidizer and acetylene as a fuel, producing a flame hot enough to melt and cut metals. It has the hottest flame temperature of the commercially available fuel gases (up to 6,300 ° F/3,480 C °) and is an excellent choice for welding, brazing and cutting of steel alloys. Flame flash-back into a cylinder from a wrongly adjusted and/or damaged welding or cutting torch can cause the same A common inside diameter of oxy-fuel gas hose is 1/4 inch. ) ACETYLENE reacts with alkali metals, forming hydrogen gas. Faraday Soc. Acetylene s vs Propane: Which One Oct 17, 2014 · Autoignition points for fuels and chemicals like butane, coke, hydrogen, petroleum and more. Ethanol burning with its spectrum depicted In the study of combustion, the adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature reached by a flame under ideal conditions. Understand oxy-fuel torch functionality, acetylene and propane fuel gas options for welding with gas and flame. , and in the presence of copper powder, as a catalyst, at 400°-500° C. The term 'Las Karbit' means acetylene (carbide) welding in Indonesian. However, free acetylene can undergo explosive decomposition when compressed or overheated. [all data] NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. This post specifically concentrates on hazards as well as safe storage of compressed acetylene gas cylinders along with some additional information. However, propane gives off more heat than acetylene. What is Oxygen and Acetylene GasWhat is Oxygen and Acetylene Gas? Oxygen and acetylene gas are widely used together in many industries. Readily available. , Equilibria Between Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Phases at Low Temperature binary systems acetylene - carbon dioxide, acetylene - ethylene and acetylene - ethane, Trans. May 29, 2023 · Physical Acetylene cannot exist as a liquid at any temperature under normal pressures, and it is extremely inadvisable to pressurize the gas due to the high risk of an explosion. The key factors in selecting a fuel gas are: flame temperature because it is an indicator of cutting and heating ability; BTU content because it is an indicator of the quantity of energy being purchased This document provides information on the properties, hazards, and safety precautions of acetylene, a highly flammable gas used in various industrial applications. Here’s a breakdown of the most common types and their typical temperatures: Gas Welding Torch Gas welding torches, such as those using acetylene mixed with oxygen, can reach temperatures between 3,500 to 4,500°F. Feb 19, 2025 · The autoignition temperature of acetylene is relatively low: 305°C (581°F) in air and 296°C (565°F) in oxygen. Jul 5, 2025 · At this temperature, exothermic and self-sustaining decomposition of (endothermic) acetylene may set in, and if not stopped by rapid and effective cooling (large volume water spray), the cylinder may explode without warning. Oct 17, 2014 · Adiabatic flame temperatures for common fuel gases - propane, butane, acetylene and more - in air or oxygen atmospheres. Not readily available. Acetylene Oxygen Temperature Pressure Advanced Welding Supply Company Industrial Gas Information Ignition Temperatures and Group Classifications for Flammable Gases and Vapors Fuels Oxy-fuel processes may use a variety of fuel gases, the most common being acetylene. Learn about the steps taken to handle and store acetylene gas cylinders. ; Din, F. Oxyacetylene torches can reach temperatures of up to 6,300 degrees Fahrenheit, making them ideal for cutting and welding thick metals. While it’s an invaluable tool for many professionals, its highly flammable nature requires careful handling to ensure safety. Acetylene cylinders are a separate, dedicated cylinders that are used to store and transport the gas. The Autoignition Temperature - or Thomas Wilson created the oxyacetylene torch in 1903. Methane is the major part in Natural gas. Fuel Gas & Melting Temperatures Different fuel gasses (acetylene, propane, natural gas) burn at different temperatures and are best suited for different jewelry operations. May 19, 2024 · This is a list of flame temperatures for various common fuels, along with the adiabatic flame temperature for common gases in air and oxygen. Explore a comprehensive list of acetylene properties at normal temperature and pressure (NTP) in both SI and US customary units. The constant volume Tip size numbers vary among manufacturers, so orifice sizes are shown in "number drill" sizes. The maximum flame temperature for acetylene (in oxygen) is approximately 3,160°C compared with a maximum temperature of 2,828°C with propane. It is the simplest hydrocarbon with a triple bond. 6 H2O Dec 5, 2022 · The flame produced by propane is less hot compared to acetylene. In cutting, acetylene gives the fastest pre-heating and piercing times of any of the other fuel gas combinations. The container is then ready to supply to a lighthouse or light-buoy the acetylene necessary for lighting. 1 vol. 09670 Jan 17, 2001 · Newbie to oxy/acetylene weldingat what environment temperatures can you weld with an oxy/acetylene outfit without any problems with gas flows through the regulators, lines or torch mixers? Would 40 degree's farhenheit be too cold? Thanks. The flame temperature typically reaches about 2,500°F, which is hot enough to work with metals like copper Oxyacetylene Torch Temp vs. Its unique properties and high flame temperature make it a valuable resource across industries. , J. In this guide, we explore the most common uses of acetylene to show you the many ways you can leverage it. M. Tanzawa et al. Additionally, if this reaction, or an ignition of acetylene occurs within the torch base or supply hose, it can propagate back into the storage cylinder causing it to explode violently. Since acetylene is shock-sensitive and explodes above 30 psi, cylinders of acetylene contain acetylene dissolved in acetone. proposed that high-temperature conditions (2000–2500 K) are conducive to the formation of polyacetylenes (C4 H 2, C 6 H 2, and C 8 H 2) through free radical pathways [16]. Chemical and physical properties of Acetylene. 84 At low temperature acetylene forms with water the crystalline hydrate C2H2. Acetylene Torch Tips vs. In this case, you . These temperatures are suitable for cutting through thick metals and creating Relative density Solubility in water Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water Auto-ignition temperature Decomposition temperature Flow time (ISO 2431) Molecular weight Aerosol product Heat of combustion : Gas. The thermal decomposition of acetylene has been studied by Bone and Coward, who find that the primary effect of heat upon this gas may be one of polymerisation or dissolution Oct 17, 2014 · Autoignition temperatures and flash points (°C and °F) of different types of hydrocarbons with varying carbon numbers up to C12. It is a colourless flammable gas widely used as a fuel in oxyacetylene welding and the cutting of metals and as raw Jun 11, 2018 · Acetylene may also be generated by raising the temperature of various hydrocarbons to the point where their atomic bonds break, or crack, in what is known as a thermal cracking process. Acetylene Acetylene generator as used in Bali by reaction of calcium carbide with water. Solubility of Acetylene Acetylene is more soluble in water and other solvents than ethylene, and much more soluble than methane. One of its primary uses is as a fuel in oxy-acetylene welding and cutting torches. , 1907, 11, 306-17. Since acetylene is endothermic and effectively a reducing agent, its Acetylene (C2H2) burns at a temperature of approximately 3300°C (5972°F) when it reacts with oxygen (O2) in a combustion reaction. ) Acetylene combustion produces twice the CO2 and half the water vapor. By What happens if you inhale acetylene? Symptoms of inhalation of acetylene include dizziness, fatigue, tiredness, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia and tachypnea [2]. Acetylene can react explosively with bromine [Von Schwartz 1918. Common Fuel Comparison Table Fuel Max Temperature Strengths Weaknesses Acetylene 3300°F Highest flame temperature. Decomposition is a spontaneous reaction forming hydrogen and The physical properties of liquid and solid acetylene. Acetylene is an unsaturated organic compound because its four atoms are triple bonded through a covalent bond. 8 kJ /g. Acetylene poses unique hazards based on its high flammability, instability and unique storage and transportation requirements. It is one of the fuel gases used in oxy-fuel gas welding, which is any welding procedure that combines a fuel gas with oxygen to produce a flame. Acetylene is 42% more exothermic Acetylene combustion is 42% more exothermic. 31 20° C 1. The chemical action of the oxyacetylene flame can be adjusted by changing the For maximum flame temperature in oxygen, the ratio volume of oxygen to fuel gas are 1. Industrially, cylinders of acetylene are filled with a porous inert sponge to avoid having high pressures of the gas. Acetylene is extremely volatile, as it combusts when it comes into contact with oxygen. Jul 27, 2025 · Explore oxy-fuel cutting temperatures and applications. It is transported an stored as a very cold liquid, and can cause a “freeze burn” or frostbite if in contact with the skin. ” (Nobel Lectures: Söderbaum, H. s. 03 30° C 0. Sep 22, 2022 · The exact temperature depends on the type of fuel being used and the size of the flame. Feb 3, 2025 · What is Air-Acetylene Welding? At its core, air-acetylene welding is a type of flame-based welding that relies on acetylene gas mixed with regular air instead of oxygen. Your ordered a new acetylene tank and it's reading as empty, now what? Freezing temperatures can affect your cylinder's pressure reading. This type of welding creates a lower-temperature flame that is perfect for delicate tasks like soldering and brazing. [all data] Clark and Din, 1950 Clark, A. Dec 30, 2019 · Most commonly used in the fabrication industry, acetylene is used for a variety of applications, most commonly used in welding due to its heating ability. Acetylene Pure acetylene is a unique gas with hazards that arise from its high energy bonds and flammability. Cylinder is small. On the other hand, propane torch tips are more versatile Apr 3, 2025 · Ever wondered how professionals effortlessly wield an oxy-acetylene torch to cut, weld, and heat metal with precision? Whether you're a novice in metalworking Symbols used in this document: T Temperature ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions T Temperature Δ r G° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions Δ r H° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook The National Institute of Standards and Technology Immediately acetylene begins to burn with oxygen; things start getting hotter a bit faster. It is not clean burning. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. It is an upper bound of the temperature that is reached in actual processes. Jan 16, 2025 · Discover the basics of air-acetylene welding! Learn how this efficient, low-temperature welding method is used, its advantages, and ideal applications. Jul 4, 2024 · Acetylene also known as ethyne, is a colorless, flammable gas with the chemical formula C2H2. As a safety measure, acetylene should never be released or used at a rate above 15 pounds per square inch (p. It is an ideal temperature for welding aluminum or repairing a radiator. It reacts with silver, copper and lead to form sensitive, explosive salts. So it cannot be used with Platinum. BTU, Flame Temp included. ). May 19, 2016 · Facts The flame temperature when burning Propane in Oxygen is 2800 degree C The flame temperature when burning Acetylene in Oxygen is 3100 degree C Propane (also called LPG—liquefied petroleum gas—or LP gas) is a widely used fuel. On the other hand, oxypropane torches have a lower maximum temperature of around 4,600 degrees Temperature Effect: The solubility of acetylene generally increases with temperature, which is a common characteristic of gases in liquids. Acetylene is a powerful and versatile gas widely used in welding and cutting operations across various industries. MAPP gas is toxic if inhaled at high concentrations. Exposure to a high level of acetylene will lead to a loss of consciousness and death. May 21, 2024 · The high temperature makes oxygen-acetylene torches the only type of welding and cutting torches that are hot enough to melt all commercial metals. G. The gas has a pronounced acetylene-like or fishy odor at concentrations above 100 ppm, due to the addition of substituted amines as a polymerization inhibitor. One volume of water dissolves about 1. Nov 1, 2022 · Wu et al. Air The physical properties of liquid and solid acetylene. Oxypropane Torch Temp What's the Difference? The oxyacetylene torch typically reaches higher temperatures than the oxypropane torch. 91 Nov 25, 2024 · Compare oxy-acetylene, air-acetylene & oxy-MAP torch systems - find the right match for HVAC brazing based on flame, portability & precision. With a peak temperature of 3150 degrees Celsius, this makes oxy-acetylene the hottest fuel gas making it the perfect Acetylene, the simplest and best-known member of the hydrocarbon series containing one or more pairs of carbon atoms linked by triple bonds, called the acetylenic series, or alkynes. 142]. Overview Acetylene is highly flammable under pressure and is spontaneously combustible in air at pressures above 15 psig. 0373 g/mol Density 1. Other gases that may be used are propylene, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), propane, and natural gas. If you calculate the volume of 100 feet of hose with an inside diameter of 1/4 inch, this means, should oxygen enter the fuel gas hose or should fuel gas enter the oxygen hose, mixed gas explosion with the force potential of 20 sticks of dynamite could occur! Check valves and flashback arrestors help prevent this. An air/acetylene system only requires the use of a single acetylene tank and gets oxygen from the atmosphere. Acetylene produces the highest flame temperature of all the fuel gases. of acetylene at atmospheric temperature; and the following coefficients are given by Winkler: 0° C 1. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage. This means the gas can ignite spontaneously without an external ignition source when it reaches these temperatures. This is used where acetylene cylinders are not available. Oct 17, 2014 · products leaves the process at 1 atm pressure combustion is stoichiometric without any excess air Excess air will reduce the adiabatic flame temperature and is often introduced to avoid flame temperatures exceeding limits sets by the materials in the combustion system. In its natural air mixture, where oxygen and other gases exist, acetylene burns at a temperature of about 4000 degrees Fahrenheit (2200 degrees Celsius). Jul 11, 2023 · Acetylene burns at a temperature of 2,200°C or 4,000°F, and when combined with an oxygen tank to produce oxy-acetylene can reach temperatures as high as 3,300°C or 6,000°F, making it the hottest commonly available gas. The properties of the gas are so unstable that even a small leak can cause serious consequences. Gas Phase In standard conditions (1. p. Since air contains only about 21% oxygen, it was difficult for older air/acetylene torches to reach the higher flame temperatures necessary for brazing. , varying amounts When a kinetic study is undertaken, When burned alone, acetylene can produce a flame temperature of approximately how many degrees? May 11, 2015 · Acetylene Gas- its Characteristics and Safety Requirements satyendra May 11, 2015 5 Comments Avetylene gas, calcium carbide, hydro carbon, oxy acetylene cutting and welding Acetylene Gas- its Characteristics and Safety Requirements Acetylene is a gas used in steel plants for oxy-acetylene gas cutting and welding and also in flame cutting machines of continuous casting machines. i. There are two types of adiabatic flame temperature: constant volume and constant pressure, depending on how the process is completed. The composition of the supplied gas has varied widely, with the gases as supplied by Oct 1, 1990 · Acetylene is a very flammable gas— with an extremely wide flammable range of from 2. It has a vapor density of 0. Propane burns at a temperature of 2800 degrees Celsius or 5112 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature a welding torch can reach depends on the type of torch, fuel, or power source used. Overall, the solubility profile of acetylene highlights its unique chemical nature, being unfit for aqueous environments while finding better compatibility with organic compounds. These same prop-erties give acetylene its value as a high temperature cutting and welding gas with a very wide range of applications. 013 bar, 15°C) m³ (Volume) kg (Mass) Liquid Phase Gas Phase The following components were used in generating the plot: Use or mention of technologies or programs in this web site is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that these items are necessarily the best available for the purpose. 2 to 1 for acetylene and 4. The flame temperature can reach 3,500°C (6,332°F), making this combination ideal for welding, cutting, and heating metals. MAPP MAPP gas is a mixture of various hydrocarbons, principally, methylacetylene and propadiene. Propane What's the Difference? Acetylene torch tips and propane are both commonly used in welding and cutting applications, but they have some key differences. Oxygen and acetylene together (oxy-acetylene) produces a flame temperature of 3150 °C, making it the hottest of all the fuel gases and the only fuel gas that can weld steel. Acetylene is a colorless gas widely used as a fuel and a chemical building block. Raw acetylene gas has a very strong odour (worse than propane) when Acetylene is a highly flammable, colorless gas and the most common fuel gas used with cutting torches and various types of industrial welding techniques. Acetylene is known for its high flame temperature due to its unique chemical structure, which contains triple carbon-carbon bonds. [all data] Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is a hydrocarbon belonging to the group of alkynes. When water meets calcium carbide, it creates a high heat chemical reaction, that which must be quenched and maintained. 1946-47]. uedzd3b9x gn 8foj k21 dn ezv alopk dq 4ll enx